STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR TUNNELING-2006：Shield Tunnels
目次
1. GENERAL
1.1 General Requirement
[1] Scope of Application
[2] Definition
[3] Relevant Laws and Regulations
[4] Selection of tunneling method and the procedure of studies
1.2 Investigation
[5] Purpose of investigation
[6] Site Condition Investigations
[7] Investigation of Underground Obstacles
[8] Topographical and Geographical Investigations
[9] Investigations for Environment Protection
1.3 Planning
[10] Planning of Shield Tunnel
[11] Shape and Size of Tunnel Inner Section
[12] Tunnel Alignment
[13] Tunnel Overburden
[14] Selection of Shield Type
[15] Lining
[16] Planning of Construction
[17] Planning for Environmental Protection
[18] Plan of Maintenance
2. LINING
2.1 General Requirements
[19] Scope of Application
[20] Definitions
[21] Notations
[22] Selection of Structure of Lining
[23] Basis of Design
[24] Design Statement
[25] Drawing
2.2 Loads
[26] Design Loads
[27] Vertical and Horizontal Earth Pressure
[28] Water Pressure
[29] Dead Weight
[30] Effect of Surcharge
[31] Soil Reaction
[32] Construction Loads
[33] Effects of Earthquakes
[34] Effects of Working in Close Proximity
[35] Effects of Ground Settlement
[36] Effects of Multiple Parallel Tunnel Construction
[37] Internal Loads
[38] Other Loads
2.3 Materials
[39] Materials
[40] Material Testing
[41] Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson's Ratio
2.4 Allowable Stress
[42] Allowable Stress
[43] Increase of Allowable Stress
2.5 Shapes of Segments
[44] Shapes and Dimensions of Segments
[45] Joint Angle and Insertion Angle
[46] Tapered Ring
2.6 Structural Calculations for Segments
[47] Basis of Structural Calculations
[48] Structural Calculation in the Transverse Direction
[49] Calculation of Member Forces in the Longitudinal Direction
[50] Effective Width of the Skin Plate
[51] Stress of Main Section
[52] Calculation of Joints of Segmental Ring
[53] Calculation of Skin Plate
[54] Calculation of Longitudinal Ribs
2.7 Design Detail for Segment
[55] Main Section and Main Girders of Segments
[56] Reinforcement
[57] Joint Structure
[58] Bolt Layout
[59] Longitudinal Ribs
[60] Grouting Hole
[61] Segment Hanger
[62] Other Design Details
2.8 Durability of Segments
[63] General Matters
[64] Watertightness
[65] Cracks
[66] Corrosion Protection and Rust Protection
2.9 Production of Segments
[67] General Matters
[68] Production Outline
[69] Dimensional Tolerance
[70] Inspections
[71] Marking
2.10 Storage, Transport and Handling of Segments
[72] General Matters
[73] Storage
[74] Transport and Handling
2.11 Secondary Lining
[75] General Matters
[76] Member Forces and Stress
[77] Design of Secondary Lining
3. SHIELD MACHINES
3.1 General Requirements
[78] Scope of Application
[79] Definitions
[80] Shield Machine Design
3.2 Design Basis
[81] Load
[82] Structural Design
[83] Shield Machine Weight
3.3 Shield Machine Structure
[84] Shield Machine Configuration
[85] Outer Diameter of Shield Machine
[86] Shield Machine Length
[87] Hood Section
[88] Girder Section
[89] Tail Section
[90] Tail Seals
3.4 Excavation Unit
[91] Selection of Excavation Unit
[92] Cutter Head Type
[93] Type of Cutter Head Support
[94] Cutter Capability
[95] Cutter Head Opening
[96] Cutter Bits
[97] Cutter Drive Unit
[98] Overcutting Devices
3.5 Drive Unit
[99] Total Thrust Force
[100] Selection and Positioning of Shield Jacks
[101] Stroke of Shield Jacks
[102] Shield Jacking Rate
3.6 Segment Assembly Unit
[103] Selection of Segment Erector
[104] Segment Erector Capacity
[105] Supplemental Segment Assembly Unit
3.7 Hydraulic, Electrical, and Control Systems
[106] Hydraulic System
[107] Electrical System
[108] Control System
3.8 Auxiliary Units
[109] Attitude Control Units
[110] Articulation Unit
[111] Attitude Measurement Instruments
[112] Simultaneous Backfill Grouting System
[113] Trailing Gear
[114] Lubrication System
3.9 Earth Pressure Balanced Shield Machines
[115] Earth Pressure Balanced Shield Machine Design
[116] Earth Pressure Balanced Shield Machine Structure
[117] Cutting Face Stabilization System
[118] Additive Injection Unit
[119] Mixing Unit
[120] Muck Removal System
3.10 Slurry Shield Machine
[121] Slurry Shield Machine Design
[122] Slurry Shield Machine Structure
[123] Cutter Face Stabilization System
[124] Slurry Feed/Discharge Unit
3.11 Specialty Shield Machines
[125] Specialty Shield Machines
3.12 Manufacture, Assembly and Inspection of Shield Machines
[126] General Provisions for Manufacturing
[127] Assembly and Transport
[128] Inspections and Tests
3.13 Maintenance of Shield Machines
[129] Inspection and Maintenance
4. CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION FACILITIES
4.1 General Requirements
[130] Scope of Application
[131] Construction Planning
4.2 Survey
[132] Surface Survey
[133] Tunnel Survey
[134] Shield Machine Attitude Measurement
4.3 Construction
[135] Shaft
[136] Departing and Arrival of Shield Machine
[137] Driving
[138] Excavation, Face Stability
with Earth Pressure Balanced (EPB) Shield Method
[139] Excavation and Face Stability of Slurry Shield Method
[140] Excavation and Face Stability of Open-face Shield Method
[141] Primary Lining
[142] Backfill Grouting
[143] Waterproofing and Corrosion Protection
[144] Secondary Lining
[145] Auxiliary Measures
[146] Ground Movements and Prevention Measures
4.4 Construction with various conditions
[147] Tunnel Construction with Shallow Overburden
[148] Tunnel Construction with Thick Overburden
[149] Construction of Sharply Curved Tunnel Sections
[150] Construction of Tunnels with Steep Gradients
[151] Construction of Long Tunnel Sections
[152] Rapid Operation
[153] Cutter Bit Replacement
[154] Underground Connecting and Junctions between Tunnels
[155] Cross-section Dimensional Shift
[156] Underground Enlargement of Tunnel
[157] Measures for Dealing with Underground Obstructions
[158] Construction near Existing Structures
[159] Construction of Multiple Parallel Shield Tunnels
[160] River Crossing
4.5 Plant and Facilities
[161] Plant and Facilities
[162] Stock Yard
[163] Muck Removal Facilities
[164] Material Handling Facilities
[165] Electric Power Supply Facilities
[166] Lighting Systems
[167] Communication Facilities
[168] Ventilation Facilities
[169] Safety Walkways and Stairs
[170] Water Supply and Discharge Facilities
[171] Fire Fighting and Fire Prevention Facilities
[172] Combustible Gases and Harmful Gases Monitoring/Warning Devices
[173] The Departing, Arriving and Turning Facilities for the Shield Machine
[174] Primary Lining Facilities
[175] Backfill Grouting Facilities
[176] Working Platform Car
[177] Secondary Lining Facilities
[178] Facilities for the Pneumatic Method
[179] Operation Control Systems for the EPB Shield Method
[180] Muck Treatment Facilities
[181] Operation Control Systems for Slurry Shield Method
[182] Fluid Conveyance Facilities and Slurry Treatment Facilities
[183] Gravel Removal Facilities
4.6 Field Construction Control
[184] Schedule Control
[185] Quality Control
[186] Management of Finished Work Quality
4.7 Safety and Health Administration
[187] Safety and Health Administration in General
[188] Providing Good Working Environment
[189] Pneumatic Pressure Control
[190] Accidents and Disasters
[191] Emergency and Rescue Actions
4.8 Measures for Preservation of the Environment
[192] General Measures for Preservation of the Environment
[193] Noise Control
[194] Vibration Control
[195] Prevention of Water Pollution
[196] Measures for Groundwater
[197] Prevention of Threats to Humans from Oxygen Deficient Air
[198] Promotion of the Effective use of Muck
[199] Appropriate Treatment and Disposal of Muck
5. LIMIT STATE DESIGN METHOD
5.1 General Requirements
[200] Scope of Application
[201] Abbreviations
5.2 Basis of Design
[202] General Matters
[203] Design Life
[204] Design Prerequisite
[205] Calculations of Limit Value and Response Value
[206] Safety Factor
[207] Modification Factor
5.3 Design Values of Materials
[208] General Matters
[209] Strength
[210] Stress-Strain Curve
[211] Modulus of Elasticity
[212] Other Material Properties
5.4 Load
[213] General Information
[214] Types and Combination of Design Loads
[215] Characteristic Value of Load
5.5 Safety Factor
[216] General Information
[217] Material Factor
[218] Member Factor
[219] Load Factor
[220] Structural Analysis Factor
[221] Structure Factor
5.6 Structural Analysis
[222] General Information
[223] Modeling of Members for Structural Analysis
5.7 Verification for Ultimate Limit State
[224] General
[225] Verification of Main Section of a Concrete Segment
[226] Verification of Joints in Concrete Segments
[227] Verification of Main Section of an Iron and Steel Segment
[228] Verification of Joints of Iron and Steel Segments
[229] Verification of Stability
5.8 Verification for Serviceability Limit State
[230] General
[231] Computation of Stresses
[232] Limit of Stresses
[233] Examination for Cracking
[234] Examination for Deformation of Segment Rings
[235] Examination for Deformation of Joints
5.9 Seismic Design
[236] General
[237] Safety Factors
[238] Structural Analysis
[239] Verification for Safety
APPENDIX Specialty Shield Machines
1. Shield Machines with Special Cross Sections
2. Underground Docking Shield Machines
3. Mother and Child Shield Machines
4. Simultaneous Excavation and Assembly Shield Machines
5. Continuous Right-angle Excavation Shield Machines
6. Extruded Concrete Lining Shield Machines
7. Shield Machines Capable of Partial Tunnel Widening
8. Branching Shield Machines
9. Open Shield Machines
INDEX